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Dante Alighieri (Florence , 1265 - Ravenna, 1321 ) Italian poet. Although his parents, Alighiero of Bellincione and Gabriella (Bella) belonged to the bourgeoisie Guelph Florence, Dante always said that he came from a noble family, and so it was recorded in Paradise (cantos XV and XVI) , where he drew a family relationship with his supposed ancestor Cacciaguida , who had been knighted by Emperor Conrad II of Swabia .
During his student years Dante Alighieri coincided with the poet Guido Cavalcanti , representative of the dolce stil nuovo, fifteen years his senior, who summoned and who became a disciple. As explained in his autobiography about poetically recreated New Life in 1274 first saw Beatrice Portinari to when she was eight years old and he just one more, the passionate and platonic crush on Dante be held to coincide with her again nine years later.
Dante In 1285 took part in the siege of Poggio di Santa Cecilia advocated by Arezzo, and two years later he moved to Bologna , perhaps to study, although there are doubts regarding his tenure in the university that city. Yes there is evidence, however, their participation as' feritore "on horseback at the Battle of Campaldino , which faced the Ghibellines of Arezzo .
died in 1290 Beatriz, and a year later Dante married Gemma di Manetto , who had four children. In 1295 enrolled the guild of physicians and pharmacists, and since November he became interested in municipal politics in Florence, between May and September next year he was a member of the Council of One Hundred , and in 1298 participated in the signing of peace treaty with Arezzo. In 1300 , and as ambassador, he moved to San Gimignano to negotiate a visit of representatives of the Guelph League to Florence, and between June 15 and August 14 he served as prior, Florentine highest office.
In October 1301 , after opposition to sending troops to help the Pope Boniface VIII, Dante was appointed ambassador to pope, who offered a peace treaty. The Pope , however, kept him in Rome against their will, with the intention of assisting in Florence the Guelph faction opposite of Dante sector, which ultimately took the control of the city and banished his opponents. Accused of embezzlement, Dante was sentenced to fines, expropriation and exile, and later to death if he returned to Florence .
From this date Dante began a long exile that would last the rest of his life lived in Verona, Padua, Rimini, Lucca and finally Ravenna, a city in which he was guest of Guido Novello of Polenta and remained until his death.
Works of Dante Alighieri
The influence of troubadour poetry and Dante Alighieri estilnovista on is reflected in his new life , collection of poems and prose directed to Beatriz , because of the poet's life and torment, and PetroSA Rime, addressed to a mistress called, which writes only to conceal from others their true love. The poetry-loving game between the impossible and spiritualized passion idealized form of his beloved, but the rigid forms of estilnovismo acquire a new strength and sincerity in the hands of Dante .
The experimentalism of the poems of Dante Alighieri and conscious search for a style eventually culminate The Divine Comedy, one of the summits of world literature. Written in triplets, are summarized in medieval cosmology it all through the presentation of the route of the soul of Dante , guided first by Virgil and later by Beatriz in atonement for their sins in three songs: the Hell The Purgatory and Paradise . With vivid language and expressive richness, the poet mixes elements symbolic references to historical and mythological characters, even build a balanced and great synthesis of knowledge accumulated by man since antiquity classical to medieval .
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